1. V. H. Nagaraj, J. M. Greene, A. M. Sengupta, and E.D. Sontag. Translation inhibition and resource balance in the TX-TL cell-free gene expression system. Synthetic Biology, 2:ysx005, 2017. [PDF] Keyword(s): tx/tl, cell-free systems, in vitro synthetic biology, synthetic biology, systems biology. Abstract:

   Utilizing the synthetic transcription-translation (TX-TL) system, this paper studies the impact of nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs) and magnesium (Mg2+), on gene expression, in the context of the counterintuitive phenomenon of suppression of gene expression at high NTP concentration. Measuring translation rates for different Mg2+ and NTP concentrations, we observe a complex resource dependence. We demonstrate that translation is the rate-limiting process that is directly inhibited by high NTP concentrations. Additional Mg2+ can partially reverse this inhibition. In several experiments, we observe two maxima of the translation rate viewed as a function of both Mg2+ and NTP concentration, which can be explained in terms of an NTP-independent effect on the ribosome complex and an NTP- Mg2+ titration effect. The non-trivial compensatory effects of abundance of different vital resources signals the presence of complex regulatory mechanisms to achieve optimal gene expression.

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